Chief Executive’s Review

Trade in 2023

In 2023 trade volumes fell by 3.1% on 2022 with exports down 4.1% and imports down 2.4%.

More than four-fifths of Dublin Port’s volumes are in the unitised modes and the overall number of containers and trailers were down 3.6% in the year. Within this, RoRo units were down 4.0% and LoLo units were down 2.8%.

The decline in unitised volumes is mainly driven by the general economic downturn both in Ireland and internationally. Within RoRo volumes, there has been a fundamental shift post Brexit in the geographical distribution of unitised volumes away from GB and towards fellow EU member states. The main impact of this from Dublin Port’s perspective is to put increased pressure on our capacity as the longer run European services are predominantly driver unaccompanied services which puts additional pressures on our land resources.

Trade vehicle imports grew by 27% to 113,164, the highest level since pre–Celtic Tiger 2007, with a significant increase in electric and hybrid electric vehicles.

The non-unitised modes decreased by 1.2% for the year.

On the Bulks side of the business, Bulk Liquid volumes were effectively flat at 4.7m tonnes with a decrease in petrol and diesel being offset by an increase in jet fuel. Bulk Solids volumes declined by 2.6% driven by animal feed imports and ore exports.

Tourist traffic is also climbing back towards the pre-pandemic levels of 2019 with passenger numbers reaching 1.74 million up 3.4%.

Imports/Exports

35.6 million
gross tonnes

Unitised Volumes

1,406,241
Total Units

Imports/Exports

‘000 gross tonnes

2023

2022

% change

Imports

21,701

22,234

(2.4%)

Exports

13,930

14,519

(4.1%)

Total

35,631

36,753

(3.1%)

Unitised Volumes

2023

2022

% change

Ro-Ro units

963,367

1,003,066

(4.0%)

Lo-Lo units

442,874

455,849

(2.8%)

Total units

1,406,241

1,458,915

(3.6%)

Lo-Lo TEU

795,997

823,399

(3.3%)

Trade vehicles

113,164

89,106

27.0%

Non-unitised Volumes

2023

2022

% change

Bulk Liquid tonnes

4,708

4,715

(0.1%)

Bulk Solid tonnes

2,022

2,076

(2.6%)

Break Bulk

45

64

(29.7%)

Total non-unitised

6,775

6,855

(1.2%)

Passenger Volumes on Ferries

2023

2022

% change

Ferry passengers

1,743,565

1,685,746

3.4%

Tourist vehicles

504,716

499,498

1.0%

Financial Performance in 2023

Turnover for the year amounted to €101.4m broadly similar to the €101.5m in 2022. This was largely driven by price increases and increased rental income offsetting reduced volumes. There was a reduction in dwell time charges of €4.0m. This is a pricing mechanism specifically designed to promote the more efficient use of land. Whilst impacting negatively on revenue it resulted in higher throughput of containers and therefore positively impacted on Port capacity. Excluding this reduction revenues grew by 4.3%.

Total operating costs in 2023 increased by €5.5m (9.6%) to €62.8m from €57.3m the previous year:

  • Depreciation and amortisation (net of grant amortisation) were €2.2m higher in 2023 at €16.4m.
  • A further diminution in the year end valuation of the Company’s investment property of P5, Eastpoint, of €1.3m compared to €0.85m leading to a movement of €0.5m year on year.
  • Payroll cost was higher by €1.7m (12.3%) inclusive of one-off additional payments (see notes 28 and 29).
  • Higher repairs and maintenance costs of €1.3m.

Taking the above together, the Company had operating profits in 2023 of €38.7m, 12.5% lower than in 2022.

Below the Operating Profit line there were no exceptional items in 2023. During 2022 an exceptional item amounting to €10m arose relating to the receipt of a distribution under the Development Agreement entered in 1999 with Earlsfort East Point for the development of office accommodation on approximately 14 acres of land adjoining the East Point Business Park.

Given the Company’s focus on delivering a large debt-financed capital programme, maintaining the level of cash profits as measured by EBITDA (Earnings Before exceptional items, net finance cost, taxation, depreciation, amortisation and impairment cost) is important.

During 2023 EBITDA remained strong, amounting to €56.7m, despite a €2.6m (4.4%) decrease on 2022.

The taxation charge for the year was €5.5m compared to €7.2m in 2022. The decrease in taxation is mainly driven by tax arising in 2022 on the exceptional receipt of €10m under the above Development Agreement.

Profit for the Financial Year 2023 was €29.5m compared to €41.3m in 2022 representing a decrease of €11.8m (28.6%). Excluding the Exceptional Gain this represented a decrease of €1.8m (5.9%).

Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) for 2023 was 5.3% compared to 6.4% in 2022. The book value of the Company’s tangible fixed assets and intangible assets and investment properties at the end of 2023 was €748.9m compared to €703.4m at the end of 2022. The movement for the year came from additions of €64.0m offset by depreciation of €16.7m, amortisation of €0.1m, impairment of €0.4m and the diminution in value of the Company’s investment property P5 amounting to €1.3m.

The net debt position at year end was €178.1m, up €23.1m on 2022.

Total borrowings decreased by €5.3m relating to the scheduled repayments of €5.3m in respect of the European Investment Bank facility.

Financial Performance 2023

€’000

2023

2022

% change

Turnover

101,441

101,477

0.0%

Operating Profit

38,682

44,192

(12.5%)

Exceptional Items

-

10,000

(100%)

Profit Before Tax

35,019

48,512

(27.8%)

Profit After Tax

29,494

41,337

(28.6%)


EBITDA

€’000

2023

2022

Operating Profit

38,682

44,192

Depreciation and amortisation

16,809

14,619

Amortisation of capital grants

(452)

(454)

Fair value movement on investment properties

1,315

850

(Profit)/loss on disposal of assets

(75)

141

Impairment of fixed assets

442

-

EBITDA

56,721

59,348


Net Debt

€m

2023

2022

Borrowings

377.6

382.9

Cash

199.5

227.9

Net Debt

178.1

155.0

Outlook for 2024

As we look ahead to 2024, we have taken a reasonably conservative view and budgeted for an overall growth rate of 2.4%. The early months of 2024 are likely to remain soft given the current economic and political environment, but we expect to see return to growth later in the year.

Also, when we look to 2024 and beyond our ability to fund the significant capital investment required to deliver on Masterplan 2040 will start to come into focus. This will necessitate us revisiting our 2022-26 Pricing Policy, following a sustained period of inflation, impacting both operating costs and construction costs.

The Company remains focused on the long-term objectives of Masterplan 2040 and our Capital Infrastructure Investment Programme remains an imperative in terms of meeting the long-term requirements of the Irish Economy. Capital investment in 2024 is expected to rise to €71m from €64m in 2023. The investment programme in 2024 will be driven by further development works at Alexandra Basin West and the completion of T4 North as part of the ABR Project, as well as the commencement of construction works at Berths 52 and 53 as part of the MP2.

The shift in RoRo volumes from Great Britain (GB) ports to the longer run European Ports will continue to put increased pressure on Port capacity as volumes on the direct European services are predominantly driver unaccompanied.

As highlighted in the Chairperson’s Report the importance of returning at least half of the 14.6 hectares of Port lands given over to facilitate the border inspection operations of Customs and the Department of Agriculture cannot be overstated as we face into capacity pinch points in the near future.

There is a continual focus on long-term planning in the Company and we will work during the coming year to develop the 3FM Project with a target of lodging a planning application with An Bord Pleanála in 2024.

The 3FM Project is the third and final Masterplan project required to bring Dublin Port to its ultimate capacity by 2040. This project is located on the Poolbeg Peninsula and will deliver c.12m tonnes of capacity. The project will include conversion of the existing LoLo terminal with a RoRo terminal principally to serve unaccompanied RoRo routes to Europe. It will also include delivering a large new LoLo terminal in front of the Poolbeg Power Station. Another key element of the project is the Southern Port Access Route (SPAR) which will provide a dedicated link from Poolbeg to the Dublin Port Tunnel.

Responding to climate change is at the centre of our plans for 2024. In 2022 the Board adopted the Climate Action Framework for the Commercial Semi-State (CSS) Sector and approved the climate action targets and the five-commitment approach to achieving targets set for 2030. During 2024 we will continue the work undertaken to date identifying the potential impacts of climate change on the Port’s North and South walls and the mitigation measures required. There is a need for ongoing and active engagement with other stakeholders to look at the possible impact of climate change on ongoing and future Port developments and planning. During 2023 we switched our pilot boats to Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) fuel. These boats contribute up to 20% of our carbon emissions and is in line with our commitment towards Ireland’s Public Sector Energy targets, which states the public sector must improve its energy efficiency by 50% before 2030.

The developments envisaged in Masterplan 2040 are an essential driver in providing the Port capacity required to facilitate future economic growth. However, infrastructure is not sufficient in itself and measures will be required to change supply chain practices so as to increase utilisation of the capacity being developed. This applies in particular to landside operations where two challenges need to be addressed.

Firstly, the movement of goods by HGV needs to become truly 24 / 7 and current demand peaks will have to be flattened.

Secondly, the land area of Dublin Port is fixed, and the faster cargo moves through the Port, the greater its capacity. In this regard dwell times of trailers and containers need to be greatly reduced. The above considerations drive the necessity to use digitalisation and data analysis as an enabler for increasing the efficiency of Port operations and we remain committed to work in close collaboration with our customers at the Port to achieve same.

The health and safety of everybody who works in or uses Dublin Port remains an absolute priority. Dublin SafePort is a Port-wide initiative launched in 2022 to enhance safety culture and practice for all workers in Dublin Port. The initiative is the collaboration between Dublin Port Company, the Gardaí, HSE and Customs and Revenue and the seven Terminal Operators. The initiative looks to standardise safety practices and procedures across the 260-hectare port estate. During the year we launched the SafePort Golden Rules, a set of 10 rules designed to enable Port Management and the seven Terminal Operators to engage with employees and visitors in the safest possible manner on Dublin Port sites and promote a culture of safety-first behaviour. The publication follows the introduction of a ‘new Dublin SafePort initiative’ in July 2022 and the introduction of 40km speed limits within the Port in October 2022. We look forward to continuing our work together as a team under Dublin SafePort in 2024.

Barry O’Connell, Chief Executive

28 March 2024